Propanediol

Propanediol 1,3 (also called 1,3-Propanediol or PDO) is a clear, colorless, and odorless liquid derived from either petroleum-based sources or, more commonly in cosmetics and personal care, from renewable, plant-based sources like corn glucose through a fermentation process. It is widely used in skincare, haircare, and cosmetic formulations.

Key Properties

Humectant: Attracts and retains moisture in the skin and hair.

Solvent: Helps dissolve active ingredients like extracts and essential oils.

Emollient: Gives a soft and smooth skin feel.

Viscosity reducer: Helps in adjusting the thickness of formulations.

Preservative booster: Enhances the effectiveness of preservatives in the product.

Benefits in Cosmetics & Skincare

1. Hydration – Draws moisture into the skin, improving softness and smoothness.

2. Mildness – Non-irritating and suitable for sensitive skin.

3. Natural Alternative – Considered a greener alternative to petroleum-derived glycols like propylene glycol.

4. Improved Texture – Gives a silky, non-sticky feel to products.

5. Enhances Penetration – Helps active ingredients absorb better into the skin.

Typical Uses

Facial serums & moisturizers

Hair conditioners & leave-in treatments

Sunscreens & lotions

Cleansers & toners

Deodorants & makeup products

Usage Rates

Generally used at 1–10% in formulations, depending on the product type.

Solubility

Water-soluble and compatible with many other cosmetic ingredients.